Company Information for European Nickel Plc

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Company Statement
European Nickel is a UK registered company and listed on the AIM and PLUS markets under the ticker symbol ENK.
European Nickel has developed a simple, low cost heap leach process for the extraction of nickel from nickel laterites, the most abundant form of nickel in the earths crust.
The Company is focused on finding and evaluating nickel laterite deposits that are amenable to the Companys heap leaching process and, where economically viable, developing these deposits into commercial mining and processing operations.
The Companys current projects are located in Turkey, the Philippines and Albania, offering geographic and geological diversification.
On 2 February 2010, European Nickel and Rusina Mining NL announced that they had signed a Merger Implementation Agreement whereby European Nickel proposes to acquire the entire issued share capital of Rusina by way of a Scheme of Arrangement under the Australian Corporations Act. In consideration for the transaction, Rusina shareholders will be offered four European Nickel new ordinary shares for every five Rusina ordinary shares they own. The merger is now complete and the Rusina shares were admitted to the exchange on 28th June 2010.
Current Operations
Caldag – Turkey
Key Features
- JORC proven reserve: 33.2Mt @ 1.13%Ni (375,160t contained Ni)
- Nickel production target: 20,000tpa
- Life of Mine: 14 years
- Largest foreign direct investment in Turkey's mining industry
European Nickel’s flagship project is the Caldag mine, located in western Turkey. This will be the world’s first commercial nickel laterite heap leach operation, using the Company’s simple, low cost heap leach technology and represents the largest foreign direct investment in Turkey’s mining industry.
The project has received the green light for development, following approval of the forestry permit. A detailed rehabilitation plan for the mining area and the processing operation was also submitted as part of the Permit application, fulfilling new regulatory requirements introduced early in 2008.
The Caldag Project
The Çaldag project has been designed to be a low cost, open pit operation, which will produce 20,000tpa of nickel and 1,000tpa of cobalt in a mixed hydroxide product (MHP). This will be sold for processing into nickel and cobalt metal.
All major mine infrastructure and 80% of the engineering design work has been completed and US$70 million has been spent on long lead items, which are warehoused close by. An Environmental Impact Assessment has also been completed. Once construction has started, first production is expected to commence 13 months later.
The Acoje & Zambales Deposits – JV with Rusina Mining (AIM: RMLA, ASX: RML)
Key Features:
- JORC resource: 840,000t contained Ni
- Positive PFS results
- Definitive Feasibility Study underway
The Acoje and Zambales deposits are located in the Zambales Mountains of Luzon Island in the Philippines.
Acoje Pre-Feasibility Study Highlights
- JORC combined limonite plus saprolite Indicated Resource of 34.41 Mt at 1.09% nickel from an Inferred plus Indicated Resource of 50.14 Mt at 1.06% nickel using a 0.8% cut off grade
- Estimated annual production of 24,500 tonnes of nickel and 930 tonnes of cobalt
- Estimated cash cost of US$3.10/lb of nickel, net of by-products including refining costs at US$6/lb nickel price and US$10/lb cobalt price
- Total development estimated at US$498 million
- Estimated capital cost per annual pound of nickel of US$7.84
- Post-tax Net Present Value of US$375 million (at a 10% discount rate) and US$6/lb nickel price and US$10/lb cobalt price
- Internal Rate of Return of 28.3%
- 3 year payback period
- Forecast annual sales of US$260 million, based on a long term nickel price of US$6/lb and including by-product credits
- Significant potential to increase NPV and IRR with extended mine life by confirming the JORC Inferrred Acoje and Zambales Chromite deposits to JORC Indicated status
The pre-feasibility study results demonstrate an economically viable nickel laterite project using heap leach technology producing 24,500 tonnes a year of contained nickel and 930 tonnes of contained cobalt. The study for the Acoje project is based on a JORC Indicated Resource of 30.76 million tonnes at 1.12% nickel and 0.05% cobalt (at a 0.8% nickel cut-off for saprolite and a 0.9% nickel cut-off for limonite) giving the project an initial mine life of ten years. Mining will be at a rate of three million tonnes per annum, with a low strip ratio of 0.46, and cash costs are estimated at US$3.10/lb of nickel (at US$6/lb Ni), net of by-products including a refining charge of 25% of the nickel price and a cobalt price of US$10/lb. Further potential resources have been identified, the JORC Inferred Resources at Acoje and the Zambales Chromite deposit, which are expected to extend the mine life beyond 20 years and are expected to be confirmed to JORC Indicated Resource levels during the DFS.
It is proposed that the nickel laterite ore will be leached with dilute sulphuric acid produced from a sulphur burning acid plant to be built at the site and the nickel will be recovered in a precipitation plant in a two stage concentration process producing two saleable products. The first stage primary nickel product ("PNP") will contain 39% nickel and 1% cobalt and the second stage nickel product ("SNP") will contain 25% nickel and 1% cobalt. The project plans to use the same plant design as European Nickel's Çaldag project in Turkey where over 80% of the design for the precipitation plant is already complete.
The Acoje project's total development cost is estimated at US$498 million, including infrastructure and working capital, which equates to a capital cost per annual pound of nickel of US$7.76. The project has a post-tax Net Present Value of US$375 million (at a 10% discount rate), an Internal Rate of Return of 28.3% and a three year pay back period. Annual sales, based on a long term nickel price of US$6/lb, are forecast at US$260 million, including by-product credits which would generate US$108 million of free cash flow annually.
The Zambales Deposit
At the Zambales deposit, an exploration programme focusing on the nickel saprolite ore is underway to increase the resource further.
The Berong & Ipilan Deposits – Strategic Stake in Toledo Mining plc (AIM: TMC) Key Features:
- 7.7% strategic stake in Toledo Mining plc
- Berong JORC resource 150,000 tonnes contained nickel
- Ipilan JORC resource 417,000 tonnes contained nickel
- Combined nickel production target of 50,000tpa for at least 20 years
- MoU with China’s Jiangxi Tungsten to jointly develop a processing plant
The Berong Mine
European Nickel has a 23.7% effective interest in Berong Nickel Corporation (BNC) and a 13.7% interest in Toledo. Toledo has a 56.1% and the Philippines partner, Atlas Consolidated Mining & Development Corporation has 25.2%.
The JORC resource (compiled June 2007) is 9.92 million tonnes at 1.55% nickel and represents only a small percentage of the tenement area.
A direct ore shipping (DOS) operation has been underway at Berong during the months of March to October, when the seas are calm enough to enable loading onto ships. The mine has a five year contract with BHP Billiton for 500,000 wet metric tonnes per annum.
In late 2008, European Nickel confirmed the economic viability of a heap leaching process at Berong, following the positive results of a Concept Study. The Study was based on a pre-JORC resource of 275 million tonnes at around 1.3% nickel to produce 25,000 tonnes per annum of nickel in a mixed hydroxide product at a cash cost of $2.99/lb of nickel, including cobalt by-product credits, over a 33 year life of mine. The capital cost, including port and infrastructure upgrades, has been estimated at $420 million which equates to a competively priced capital cost of $7.62 per annual pound of nickel.
Based on these parameters and a long term nickel price of $6.25/lb, the Concept Study estimates that the project has a net present value of $625 million (using a discount rate of 10%) and an ungeared internal rate of return of 25%.
The Ipilan Deposit
Toledo has a 52% interest in the Ipilian Deposit, with Brookes Nickel Ventures Inc and Celestial Nickel Mining Exploration Corporation owning 24% each. A 25 year life MPSA is already in place.
The JORC resource, which covers around 30% of the Ipilan MPSA area, is approximately 30.59 million tonnes at 1.36% nickel, which contains 417,000 tonnes of contained nickel. More than 90% of the resource tonnage falls within the “Measured” category.
In 2008 Toledo signed a MoU with the Chinese company Jiangxi Rare Earth and Rare Metals Tungsten Group (JXTC) for the potential construction of a commercial scale processing plant at Ipilan and the construction of a demonstration nickel leaching plant at Berong. JXTC is constructing a 40,000tpa nickel refinery in Nanchang, China. This refinery will be the world’s first dedicated solely to processing MHP and will supply nickel and cobalt products for chemical uses, such as in mobile phone and hybrid car batteries. Toledo is currently working to convert the MoU into a binding agreement.
The Devolli/Koko Joint Venture - Albania Key Features
- Joint Venture with privately owned Balkan Resources Inc
- Devolli JORC resource of 427,000t contained nickel (35.6 million tonnes at 1.2% nickel)
- Koko historic resource of approximately 30 million tons at approximately 1.2% nickel
- Nickel production potential 15-20,000tpa
- Life of Mine 15-20 years
European Nickel is in a joint venture with the privately owned Balkan Resources to jointly develop Balkan’s Kokogllave (“Koko”) and the Company’s contiguous Devolli nickel laterite deposits in Albania.
The deposits are located in south-eastern Albania, close to the Greek border. The Devolli nickel laterite deposit has a JORC resource of 427,000 tonnes of contained nickel (35.6 million tonnes at 1.20% nickel). Balkan has completed a NI 43-101 technical report on its Koko nickel laterite deposit and it is intended to develop both deposits as one single mining operation. The Koko tenement has a historic resource estimate, which is neither JORC nor 43-101 compliant, of approximately 30 million tons at a grade of approximately 1.2% nickel.
Under the terms of the agreement, Balkan will earn its 50% interest in the joint venture by contributing the Koko deposit and funding, through to completion, a pre-feasibility study (“PFS”) on the combined Koko/Devolli deposits to Canadian NI 43-101 standards. European Nickel will earn its 50% interest by contributing the Devolli deposit and granting access, via a licence agreement, to its heap leach technology, knowledge and experience.
If Balkan fails to complete the PFS by 31 December 2010, it shall transfer its interest in the Koko deposit plus all engineering, exploration and other data and studies conducted as part of the PFS to the Company for nil consideration.
The PFS, expected to cost some US$5-7 million, will require extensive drilling to bring sufficient tonnes into the indicated category to support a proposed production of 15,000-20,000 tonnes a year of contained nickel over a mine life of 15 to 20 years. It will also be necessary to compile the engineering, mine development planning, environmental, infrastructure and other reports to substantiate the viability of this operation.
Heap Leach Process
European Nickel has commercialised a proprietary, low cost heap leach process for nickel laterites.
European Nickel has demonstrated the percolation and extraction of nickel at a large scale demonstration plant at Çaldað in Turkey with continuous operations over a three year period, irrigating the heaps with dilute sulphuric acid and producing saleable mixed hydroxide product from the downstream precipitation plant. Recoveries of 72% have been used in the Çaldað bankable feasibility study for both nickel and cobalt.
Environmental Benefits of Heap Leach Technology European Nickel believes that the heap leach technology it has developed provides significant environmental benefits over conventional nickel laterite operations. Operation of the heap leach in close proximity to the mine minimises the transport distances for the unrefined ore, thereby reducing truck movements on roads.
The heap leach technology also considerably reduces the carbon dioxide emissions generated per tonne of nickel produced when compared to conventional nickel laterite operations. European Nickel is assessing options to improve this reduction further through conventional means such as tree planting and CO2 capture.
The conversion of sulphur to sulphuric acid at each site’s acid plant releases energy which can be used to create steam and in turn generate electricity which will be in excess of the project’s needs. The sulphuric acid is entirely used up in the heap leaching process. The excess power generated will be sold to the local electrical grid which will reduce the requirement for the grid to be supplied with electricity generated by burning fossil fuels.
Geographical Spread

Western Turkey, near Izmir, the Çaldag deposit The Balkans, including Serbia, Bosnia, Albania and Kosovo
Board of Directors and Key Management
| David Whitehead | (Non Executive Chairman) |
| Simon Purkiss | (Executive Deputy Chairman) |
| Robert Gregory | (Managing Director) |
| Mark Hanlon | (Finance Director) |
| Paul Lush | (Non Executive Director) |
| Neil Herbert | (Non-Executive Director) |
| Key Management | |
| Cevat Er | (General Manager, Çaldag) |
| Robert McLearon | (Company Secretary and Financial Controller) |
| Mike Oxley | (Business Development Manager) |
Company Address49 Albemarle Street
|
Additional Address/Key ContactTurkey Office |
CapitalAs at 28 February 2010, European Nickel PLC. had 548,373,428 fully paid ordinary shares of 1pence each. |
Annual General MeetingApril, London | Year End30 September |
Nominated BrokersCanaccord Adams Limited | Nominated AdvisorsCanaccord Adams Limited |
Major Shareholders
| JP Morgan Asset Management (UK) Limited | 52,250,000 | 9.53% |
| Fidelity International | 34,460,978 | 6.28% |
| Citigroup Global Markets | 31,744,729 | 5.79% |
| D&A Income Limited | 24,275,993 | 4.43% |
| Wellington Management Company LLP | 18,443,090 | 3.36% |
Related News
29/07/10 - European Nickel’s New Strategic Partnership With Hunter Dickinson Provides A Useful Pointer For Investors04/02/10 - The Merger Between European Nickel And Rusina Represents The First Stage In The Emergence Of A New Mid–Tier Producer
20/10/09 - European Nickel Is Ready To Go At Caldag, Just As Soon As The Fog Surrounding The Chinese Funding Clears
28/05/09 - Tripartite Merger Imminent Between Rusina Mining, Toledo Mining and European Nickel
25/02/09 - Champagne All Round! European Nickel Cracks Open The Bubbly As The Logjam At Caldag Finally Clears
Most Recent Statement
12/07/10 - Strategic Partnership with HDI raises up to US$60m28/06/10 - Admission of Rusina Merger Shares
28/06/10 - European Nickel PLC is Admitted to the Official List of the ASX
17/06/10 - Further re Completion of Second Tranche of Placing to raise US$10 million
10/06/10 - European Nickel Interim Results
10/06/10 - Further re Turkish Parliament Passes New Mining Law



